Java - Connecting to MySQL with the JDBC driver

1. JDBC-ODBC Bridge  (Type 1): This driver uses the ODBC driver to connect to the server database. You have to have the ODBC driver installed in the machine you want to connect to the database, that's why this driver is outdated and should be used only when you have no choice.
2. The Native API  (Type 2): This type converts JDBC orders to call the database via a native driver on the client. You must have the API of the customer database installed on the machine in order to establish the connection.
3. A driver written in java using a Middleware  (Type 3): This type uses a network protocol to send messages to the intermediary server, which can communicate with different types of databases. This driver can be easily used with an applet but you need to have the server. Intermediate  installed to work with this driver. This driver is not widely used because of  its poor performance.
4. A java driver using the native protocol  (Type 4): This is the preferred driver because it directly calls the database by converting JDBC messages to a network protocol that is compatible with the server. We must use specific drivers, such as  OJDBC  provided by Oracle and MySQL Connector/J  for MySQL databases.

JDBC API classes

Database Configuration

Connecting to MySQL database

import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.sql.Connection; 
import java.sql.DriverManager; 
import java.sql.SQLException; 
import java.util.Properties; 
 
public class DBConnection {
 
 public static Connection getConnection() {
 Properties props = new Properties(); 
 FileInputStream fis = null; 
 Connection con = null; 
 try {
 fis = new FileInputStream("db.properties"); 
 props.load(fis); 
 
 // load the Driver Class
 Class.forName(props.getProperty("DB_DRIVER_CLASS")); 
 
 // create the connection now
 con = DriverManager.getConnection(props.getProperty("DB_URL"),
 props.getProperty("DB_USERNAME"),
 props.getProperty("DB_PASSWORD")); 
 } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
 // TODO Auto-generated catch block
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 }
 return con; 
 }
}