Checking if a number is even or odd in C

To study the parity of a number you just have to check whether or not it is a multiple of the number 2.
Even numbers are the numbers that end in
{0, 2 , 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,..., n*2} = {2n; n is a natural or relative number}.

Odd numbers are numbers that end in
1, 3 , 5, 7, 9, 11, 13,..., n*2+1= {2n+1; n is a natural number  or relative}.
A number pair is any number of which the rest of the Division  on 2 is equal to 0.  They are also said to be multiples of 2.

A number odd is any number of which the rest of the Division  on  2  is equal to  1.

Even numbers are split into two equal parts:
3 + 3 = 6
4 + 4 = 8
7 + 7 = 14

Odd numbers are not split into two equal parts:
3 = 1 + 2
7 = 3 + 4
41 = 40 + 1

The square of even numbers is even example: 
0² = 0
2² = 4
4² = 16
6² = 36

The square of odd numbers is odd example: 
1² = 1 
3² = 9
5² = 25
7² = 49

Note:

Any prime number is an odd number except the number 2.

Example

#include< stdio.h>
#include< stdlib.h>

main()
{
      int number;
      if(number%2==0)
          printf("%d is an even number\n",number);
      else
          printf("%d is not an odd number\n",number);
      system("pause");
}